Which option best describes the relationship between uveitis and aqueous outflow?

• A. Chronic anterior uveitis can cause secondary glaucoma by damaging the trabecular meshwork.
• B. Uveitis increases aqueous production.
• C. Uveitis decreases pupil dilation.
• D. Uveitis has no effect on aqueous outflow.

Answer: (A)

Inflammation from uveitis, especially chronic anterior uveitis, often disrupts the drainage pathway for aqueous humor. The inflammatory process brings in cells, proteins, and pigment that accumulate in the anterior chamber and clog the trabecular meshwork. Over time, this debris and ongoing inflammation can cause structural changes and adhesions (synechiae) that narrow or seal the drainage angle, further reducing outflow. With outflow resistance increased, intraocular pressure rises, leading to secondary glaucoma. The production of aqueous is not the primary driver here; the key issue is impaired outflow due to damage and obstruction of the trabecular meshwork and angle.